Biological perspective 

Unique characteristic for each species.

For example, only we as humans have the ability to use language to communicate.

Species uniform

Specific characteristics that each member of a specie share.

 Every human can develop language.

Affective pathway

Production of sounds in an instintive way. This means that it happens naturally caused by emotions. 

For example, when we cry because we are sad or when we scream because we are angry or frightened.

Cognitive pathway

Production of sounds in a conscious way. This means that a learning process is required to produce it. 

For example, when we learn the exact sounds of the vowels or of the alphabet to produce words.